The NF1 gene in tumor syndromes and melanoma

被引:148
作者
Kiuru, Maija [1 ,2 ]
Busam, Klaus J. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Dermatol, 3301 C St,Suite 1450, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA
[2] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol, 3301 C St,Suite 1450, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA
[3] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE-1 GENE; INHIBITOR AZD6244 ARRY-142886; OF-FUNCTION MUTATIONS; NERVE SHEATH TUMORS; DESMOPLASTIC MELANOMA; PHASE-I; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; GENOMIC LANDSCAPE; BENIGN-TUMORS; NRAS-MUTANT;
D O I
10.1038/labinvest.2016.142
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
Activation of the RAS/MAPK pathway is critical in melanoma. Melanoma can be grouped into four molecular subtypes based on their main genetic driver: BRAF-mutant, NRAS-mutant, NF1-mutant, and triple wild-type tumors. The NF1 protein, neurofibromin 1, negatively regulates RAS proteins through GTPase activity. Germline mutations in NF-1 cause neurofibromatosis type I, a common genetic tumor syndrome caused by dysregulation of the RAS/MAPK pathway, ie, RASopathy. Melanomas with NF1 mutations typically occur on chronically sun-exposed skin or in older individuals, show a high mutation burden, and are wild-type for BRAF and NRAS. Additionally, NF1 mutations characterize certain clinicopathologic melanoma subtypes, specifically desmoplastic melanoma. This review discusses the current knowledge of the NF1 gene and neurofibromin 1 in neurofibromatosis type I and in melanoma.
引用
收藏
页码:146 / 157
页数:12
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