Experimental searches for the chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions

被引：89

作者：

Zhao, Jie ^{[1
]}

Wang, Fuqiang ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[2] Huzhou Univ, Sch Sci, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

来源：

PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS | 2019年 / 107卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Heavy-ion collisions; Chiral magnetic effect; Three-point correlator; Elliptic flow background; Invariant mass; Harmonic plane; DEPENDENT AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; CHARGE SEPARATION; COLLECTIVE FLOW; PARITY VIOLATION; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; CP CONSERVATION; PB COLLISIONS; PLUS AU;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.05.001

中图分类号：

O57 [原子核物理学、高能物理学];

学科分类号：

070202 ;

摘要：

The chiral magnetic effect (CME) in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) refers to a charge separation (an electric current) of chirality imbalanced quarks generated along an external strong magnetic field. The chirality imbalance results from interactions of quarks, under the approximate chiral symmetry restoration, with metastable local domains of gluon fields of non-zero topological charges out of QCD vacuum fluctuations. Those local domains violate the P and Cp invariance, potentially offering a solution to the strong cp problem in explaining the magnitude of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in today's universe. Relativistic heavy-ion collisions, with the likely creation of the high energy density quark-gluon plasma and restoration of the approximate chiral symmetry, and the possibly long-lived strong magnetic field, provide a unique opportunity to detect the CME. Early measurements of the CME-induced charge separation in heavy-ion collisions are dominated by physics backgrounds. Major efforts have been devoted to eliminate or reduce those backgrounds. We review those efforts, with a somewhat historical perspective, and focus on the recent innovative experimental undertakings in the search for the CME in heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：200 / 236

页数：37

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