Preparation of high-k composites with low dielectric loss based on the double-layer coaxial structure of inorganic/polymer

This study presents a novel and simple modification of cladding multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using organic polymer and inorganic nanoparticles to synthesize a product, which has a double-cladding coaxial structure and can be applied as filler in the dielectric field. The first layer of MWCNTs was coated with polyaniline (PANI) through the oxidation-reduction reaction mechanism using Ce(NH4)(2)(NO3)(6) as oxidizing agent and metal precursor of cerium oxide. Cerium ions on the second cladding layer of MWCNTs were directly deposited from the solution to the surface of the PANI layer forming the double-cladding hybrid (CeO2/PANI@MWCNTs). The external inorganic layer provides an insulating shell, which can prevent the contact between the conductive particles and hinder the migration of electrons between the MWCNTs. The intermediate layer of PANI provides the bonding between CeO2 and the conductive core of MWCNTs, which also shows lower conductivity than carbon nanotubes. The CeO2/PANI@MWCNTs were compounded with epoxy (EP) resin and formed a dielectric material with the advantage of reducing dielectric loss while ensuring high dielectric constant. The dielectric constant of the coated MWCNTs/EP composites was 194.90 at 10(3) Hz with the content of fillers reaching 30 wt %, which is 28 times that of the pure EP. Accordingly, the dielectric loss of 30 wt % coated MWCNTs/EP composites was only 0.09 at 10(3) Hz, which is only 2.25 times that of the pure EP. (c) 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46299.