On-farm evaluation of animal welfare in weaner and fattening pig units based on critical control points

The aim of this study was to test applicability of the concept of Critical Control Points (CCPs) for the assessment of wearier and finishing pig units. Twenty German pig units of different sizes were surveyed on a voluntary base for welfare standards based on CCPs. Specifically, building design, climatic conditions, management, hygiene and health status were evaluated. None of the pig units fulfilled all control points. The greatest deficits were evident for comfort design features such as cooling devices and provision of exploration material. Only a few housing systems had lying areas that were functionally separated from the defecation and feeding areas. In addition, the documentation of animal based data was largely found to be insufficient. Suggestions for additional and revised assessment criteria for behavioural problems such as ear and tail biting are proposed as an outcome of this on-farm survey.