Societal-Level Versus Individual-Level Predictions of Ethical Behavior: A 48-Society Study of Collectivism and Individualism

被引：58

作者：

Ralston, David A. ^{[1
]}

Egri, Carolyn P. ^{[2
]}

Furrer, Olivier ^{[3
]}

Kuo, Min-Hsun ^{[4
]}

Li, Yongjuan ^{[5
]}

Wangenheim, Florian ^{[6
]}

Dabic, Marina ^{[7
]}

Naoumova, Irina ^{[8
]}

Shimizu, Katsuhiko ^{[9
]}

de la Garza Carranza, Maria Teresa ^{[10
]}

Fu, Ping Ping ^{[11
]}

Potocan, Vojko V. ^{[12
]}

Pekerti, Andre ^{[13
]}

Lenartowicz, Tomasz ^{[14
]}

Srinivasan, Narasimhan ^{[15
]}

Casado, Tania ^{[16
]}

Rossi, Ana Maria ^{[17
]}

Szabo, Erna ^{[18
]}

Butt, Arif ^{[19
]}

Palmer, Ian ^{[20
]}

Ramburuth, Prem ^{[21
]}

Brock, David M. ^{[22
]}

Terpstra-Tong, Jane ^{[23
]}

Grison, Ilya ^{[24
]}

Reynaud, Emmanuelle ^{[25
]}

Richards, Malika ^{[26
]}

Hallinger, Philip ^{[27
]}

Castro, Francisco B. ^{[28
]}

Ruiz-Gutierrez, Jaime ^{[29
]}

Milton, Laurie ^{[30
]}

Ansari, Mahfooz ^{[31
]}

Starkus, Arunas ^{[32
]}

Mockaitis, Audra ^{[33
]}

Dalgic, Tevfik ^{[34
]}

Leon-Darder, Fidel ^{[35
]}

Hung Vu Thanh ^{[36
]}

Moon, Yong-lin ^{[37
]}

Molteni, Mario ^{[38
]}

Fang, Yongqing ^{[39
]}

Pla-Barber, Jose ^{[35
]}

Alas, Ruth ^{[40
]}

Maignan, Isabelle ^{[41
]}

Jesuino, Jorge C. ^{[42
]}

Lee, Chay-Hoon ^{[43
]}

Nicholson, Joel D. ^{[44
]}

Chia, Ho-Beng ^{[45
]}

Danis, Wade ^{[46
]}

Dharmasiri, Ajantha S. ^{[47
]}

Weber, Mark ^{[48
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Fellow Int Res Consortium, Ft Myers, FL 33907 USA

[2] Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada

[3] Univ Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland

[4] Natl Cent Univ, Zhongli, Taiwan

[5] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China

[6] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland

[7] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia

[8] Univ Hartford, Hartford, CT USA

[9] Keio Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223, Japan

[10] Inst Tecnol Celaya, Celaya, Mexico

[11] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

[12] Univ Maribor, SLO-2000 Maribor, Slovenia

[13] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[14] Florida Atlantic Univ, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA

[15] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA

[16] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[17] Int Stress Management Assoc, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

[18] Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria

[19] Lahore Univ Management Sci, Lahore, Pakistan

[20] RMIT Univ, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[21] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[22] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel

[23] Monash Univ, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia

[24] Univ Westminster, London W1R 8AL, England

[25] IAE Marseille Univ, Aix En Provence, France

[26] Penn State Univ, Reading, PA USA

[27] Hong Kong Inst Educ, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

[28] Univ Porto, CEMPRE, P-4100 Porto, Portugal

[29] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia

[30] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

[31] Univ Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada

[32] CIBER Vilnius, Vilnius, Lithuania

[33] Monash Univ, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia

[34] Univ Texas Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA

[35] Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain

[36] Natl Econ Univ, Hanoi, Vietnam

[37] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea

[38] Catholic Univ Milan, Milan, Italy

[39] Univ Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia

[40] Estonia Business Sch, Tallinn, Estonia

[41] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[42] Inst Super Ciencias Trabalho & Empresa, Lisbon, Portugal

[43] Keppel Offshore & Marine, Singapore, Singapore

[44] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA

[45] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore

[46] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada

[47] Postgrad Inst Management, Colombo, Sri Lanka

[48] Argosy Univ Twin Cities, Eagan, MN USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS | 2014年 / 122卷 / 02期

关键词：

Cultural values; Influence ethics; Hierarchical linear modeling; Collectivism; Individualism; CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH; DECISION-MAKING; WORK VALUES; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; LEADERSHIP-STYLES; MULTILEVEL MODELS; NATIONAL CULTURE; BUSINESS ETHICS;

D O I：

10.1007/s10551-013-1744-9

中图分类号：

F [经济];

学科分类号：

02 ;

摘要：

Is the societal-level of analysis sufficient today to understand the values of those in the global workforce? Or are individual-level analyses more appropriate for assessing the influence of values on ethical behaviors across country workforces? Using multi-level analyses for a 48-society sample, we test the utility of both the societal-level and individual-level dimensions of collectivism and individualism values for predicting ethical behaviors of business professionals. Our values-based behavioral analysis indicates that values at the individual-level make a more significant contribution to explaining variance in ethical behaviors than do values at the societal-level. Implicitly, our findings question the soundness of using societal-level values measures. Implications for international business research are discussed.

引用

页码：283 / 306

页数：24

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