Implementation of pencil kernel and depth penetration algorithms for treatment planning of proton beams

被引:57
作者
Russell, KR
Isacsson, U
Saxner, M
Ahnesjö, A
Montelius, A
Grusell, E
Dahlgren, CV
Lorin, S
Glimelius, B
机构
[1] Helax AB, S-75147 Uppsala, Sweden
[2] Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Oncol Radiol & Clin Immunol, Sect Oncol, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
[3] Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Oncol Radiol & Clin Immunol, Sect Hosp Phys, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
[4] Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Oncol Radiol & Clin Immunol Bioomed Radiat S, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
关键词
D O I
10.1088/0031-9155/45/1/302
中图分类号
R318 [生物医学工程];
学科分类号
0831 ;
摘要
The implementation of two algorithms for calculating dose distributions for radiation therapy treatment planning of intermediate energy proton beams is described. A pencil kernel algorithm and a depth penetration algorithm have been incorporated into a commercial three-dimensional treatment planning system (Helax-TMS, Helax AB, Sweden) to allow conformal planning techniques using irregularly shaped fields, proton range modulation, range modification and dose calculation for non-coplanar beams. The pencil kernel algorithm is developed from the Fermi-Eyges formalism and Moliere multiple-scattering theory with range straggling corrections applied. The depth penetration algorithm is based on the energy loss in the continuous slowing down approximation with simple correction factors applied to the beam penumbra region and has been implemented for fast, interactive treatment planning. Modelling of the effects of air gaps and range modifying device thickness and position are implicit to both algorithms. Measured and calculated dose values are compared for a therapeutic proton beam in both homogeneous and heterogeneous phantoms of varying complexity. Both algorithms model the beam penumbra as a function of depth in a homogeneous phantom with acceptable accuracy. Results show that the pencil kernel algorithm is required for modelling the dose perturbation effects from scattering in heterogeneous media.
引用
收藏
页码:9 / 27
页数:19
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