On the irreversible thermodynamic of a gas influenced by a thermal radiation force generated from a heated rigid flat plate

In the present paper, the effect of the nonlinear thermal radiation (TR) on the neutral gas mixture in the unsteady state is investigated for the first time. The unsteady BGK technique of the Boltzmann kinetic equation (BKE) for a non-homogenous neutral gas (NHNG) is solved. The solution of the unsteady case makes the problem more general than the stationary case. For this purpose, the moments' method, together with the traveling wave method, is applied. The temperature and concentration are calculated for each gas component and mixture for the first time. Furthermore, the study is held for aboard range of temperatures ratio parameter and a wide range of the molar fraction. The non-equilibrium distribution function (NEDF) is calculated for each gas component and the gas mixture. The significant non-equilibrium irreversible thermodynamic characteristics the entire system is acquired analytically. That technic allows us to investigate our model consistency with Boltzmann's H-theorem, Le Chatelier's principle, and thermodynamics laws. Moreover, the ratios among the further participation of the internal energy change (IEC) are evaluated via the Gibbs formula of total energy. The final results are utilized to the argon-helium NHNG at different magnitudes of radiation force (RF) strength and molar fraction parameters. 3D-graphics are presented to predict the behavior of the calculated variables, and the obtained results are theoretically discussed. The significance of this study is due to its vast applications in numerous fields, such as satellites, commercial, and various industrial applications.