Bi-Based Electrode Materials for Alkali Metal-Ion Batteries

Alkali metal (Li, Na, K) ion batteries with high energy density are urgently required for large-scale energy storage applications while the lack of advanced anode materials restricts their development. Recently, Bi-based materials have been recognized as promising electrode candidates for alkali metal-ion batteries due to their high volumetric capacity and suitable operating potential. Herein, the latest progress of Bi-based electrode materials for alkali metal-ion batteries is summarized, mainly focusing on synthesis strategies, structural features, storage mechanisms, and the corresponding electrochemical performance. Particularly, the optimization of electrode-electrolyte interphase is also discussed. In addition, the remaining challenges and further perspectives of Bi-based electrode materials are outlined. This review aims to provide comprehensive knowledge of Bi-based materials and offer a guideline toward more applications in high-performance batteries.