Assessing and valuing the recreational ecosystem services of Germany's national parks using travel cost models

被引:81
作者
Mayer, Marius [1 ]
Woltering, Manuel [2 ]
机构
[1] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Geog & Geol, Makarenkostr 22, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
[2] Julius Maximilians Univ Wurzburg, Inst Geog & Geol, Hubland, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany
关键词
Cultural ecosystem services; Recreational ecosystem services; Recreational value; National parks; Travel cost method; Germany; PROTECTED AREAS; COUNT DATA; TOURISM; VALUATION; VALUES; CONSERVATION; ATTRACTIONS; MANAGEMENT; EXISTENCE; FRAMEWORK;
D O I
10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.12.009
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
This paper estimates the recreational ecosystem services (RES) of 15 German national parks (NLP) in one of the most comprehensive RES valuations of NLP systems performed to date. The RES were evaluated using zonal travel cost models (TCM) based on 24,548 representative interviews conducted with a uniform methodology between 2004 and 2015. Reaction functions were estimated for each park as double-log regression models. The lower-limit consumer surplus of recreation in German NLP totals EUR 385.3-621.8 million (including only visitors whose trip decisions were influenced by the parks' protected status), while an upper-limit value reached EUR 1.690-2.751 billion (including all visitors). Thus, NLP generate enormous non-monetary values for German society. The standardized approach applied could be used to harmonize assessments and valuations of RES in protected areas. Finally, the article advances the theory of RES assessment, valuation and mapping by highlighting the importance of on-site visitation data. RES do not exist a priori, but emerge as co-products of ecosystems and visitors' perceptions and valuations. For this reason, we discourage the use of context-specific RES results in benefit transfer approaches. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:371 / 386
页数:16
相关论文
共 81 条
  • [1] ADAC, 2007, ADAC AUT 2007
  • [2] [Anonymous], 2009, REGIONALOKONOMISCHE
  • [3] [Anonymous], PROTECTED AREAS TOUR
  • [4] [Anonymous], TOURISMUSOKONOMIE VO
  • [5] [Anonymous], WERTSCHOPFUNG TOURIS
  • [6] [Anonymous], 1990, EC PROTECTED AREAS N
  • [7] [Anonymous], 2014, VERK ZAHL 2014 2015
  • [8] [Anonymous], VERK ZAHL 2008 2009
  • [9] [Anonymous], 2016, REGIONALWIRTSCHAFTLI
  • [10] [Anonymous], 2012, TOURISMUS REGIONALEN