A Forensic-Based Investigation Algorithm for Parameter Extraction of Solar Cell Models

The accurate parameter extraction of photovoltaic (PV) module is pivotal for determining and optimizing the energy output of PV systems into electric power networks. Consequently, a Photovoltaic Single-Diode Model (PVSDM), Double Diode Model (PVDDM), and Triple- Diode Model (PVTDM) is demonstrated to consider the PV losses. This article introduces a new application of the Forensic-Based Investigation Algorithm (FBIA), which is a new meta-heuristic optimization technique, to accurately extract the electrical parameters of different PV models. The FBIA is inspired by the suspect investigation, location, and pursuit processes that are used by police officers. The FBIA has two phases, which are the investigation phase applying by the investigators team, and the pursuit phase employing by the police agents team. The validity of the FBIA for PVSDM, PVDDM, and PVTDM is commonly considered by the numerical analysis executing under diverse values of solar irradiations and temperatures. The optimal five, seven, and nine parameters of PVSDM, PVDDM, and PVTDM, respectively, are accomplished using the FBIA and compared with those manifested by various optimization techniques. The numerical results are compared for the marketable Photowatt-PWP 201 polycrystalline and Kyocera KC200GT modules. The efficacy of the FBIA for the three models is properly carried out checking its standard deviation error with that obtained from various recently proposed optimization techniques in 2020 which are Jellyfish search (JFS) optimizer, Manta Ray Foraging optimizer (MRFO), Marine Predators Algorithm(MPA), Equilibrium Optimizer (EO), Heap Based Optimizer (HBO). The standard deviations of the fitness values over 30 runs are developed to be less than $1 \times 10<^>{-6}$ for the three models, which make the FBIA results are extremely consistent. Therefore, FBIA is foreseen to be a competitive technique for PV module parameter extraction.