Possible effects of electromagnetic fields on the nervous system and development

In spite of a large number of investigations, there is little evidence in support of the hypothesis that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) cause birth defects or genetic abnormalities. Exposure to magnetic fields has, however, been associated with development of brain tumors in both childhood residential and adult occupational studies. Risk ratios are low, but meta-analyses show a statistically significant relationship. Recent reports implicate EMF exposure in the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. While EMF exposure does not appear to be a major factor in neurodevelopmental diseases, further investigations are warranted on nervous system disorders such as brain tumors and Alzheimer's disease. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.