Depletion and biodegradation of hydrocarbons in dispersions and emulsions of the Macondo 252 oil generated in an oil-on-seawater mesocosm flume basin

被引：57

作者：

Brakstad, Odd G. ^{[1
]}

Daling, Per S. ^{[1
]}

Faksness, Liv-G. ^{[1
]}

Almas, Inger K. ^{[1
]}

Vang, Siv-H. ^{[1
]}

Syslak, Line ^{[2
]}

Leirvik, Frode ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] SINTEF Mat & Chem, Dept Appl Environm Biol & Chem, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway

[2] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Biotechnol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway

来源：

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN | 2014年 / 84卷 / 1-2期

关键词：

Oil dispersions; Emulsions; Hydrocarbons; Depletion; Biodegradation; Flume basin; CRUDE-OIL; PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; DEGRADING BACTERIA; FUEL-OIL; SEA; PHOTOOXIDATION; SPILL; BIOREMEDIATION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.027

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Physically and chemically (Corexit 9500) generated Macondo 252 oil dispersions, or emulsions (no Corexit), were prepared in an oil-on-seawater mesocosm flume basin at 30-32 degrees C, and studies of oil compound depletion performed for up to 15 days. The use of Corexit 9500 resulted in smaller median droplet size than in a physically generated dispersion. Rapid evaporation of low boiling point oil compounds (C <= 15) appeared in all the experiments. Biodegradation appeared to be an important depletion process for compounds with higher boiling points in the dispersions, but was negligible in the surface emulsions. While n-alkane biodegradation was faster in chemically than in physically dispersed oil no such differences were determined for 3- and 4-ring PAH compounds. In the oil dispersions prepared by Corexit 9500, increased cell concentrations, reduction in bacterial diversity, and a temporary abundance of bacteria containing an alkB gene were associated with oil biodegradation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：125 / 134

页数：10

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