Quantum hardware simulating four-dimensional inelastic neutron scattering

Magnetic molecules, modelled as finite-size spin systems, are test-beds for quantum phenomena(1) and could constitute key elements in future spintronics devices(2-5), long-lasting nanoscale memories(6 )or noise-resilient quantum computing platforms(7-10). Inelastic neutron scattering is the technique of choice to probe them, characterizing molecular eigenstates on atomic scales(11-14). However, although large magnetic molecules can be controllably synthesized(15-18), simulating their dynamics and interpreting spectroscopic measurements is challenging because of the exponential scaling of the required resources on a classical computer. Here, we show that quantum computers(19-22) have the potential to efficiently extract dynamical correlations and the associated magnetic neutron cross-section by simulating prototypical spin systems on a quantum hardware(22). We identify the main gate errors and show the potential scalability of our approach. The synergy between developments in neutron scattering and quantum processors will help design spin clusters for future applications.