High-speed force mapping on living cells with a small cantilever atomic force microscope

被引:36
作者
Braunsmann, Christoph [1 ]
Seifert, Jan [1 ]
Rheinlaender, Johannes [1 ]
Schaeffer, Tilman E. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Tubingen, Inst Appl Phys & LISA, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany
关键词
ION CONDUCTANCE; VISCOUS DRAG; CYTOSKELETON; ELASTICITY; MECHANICS; MICRORHEOLOGY; CALIBRATION; HEIGHT; BLEBS; AFM;
D O I
10.1063/1.4885464
中图分类号
TH7 [仪器、仪表];
学科分类号
0804 ; 080401 ; 081102 ;
摘要
The imaging speed of the wide-spread force mapping mode for quantitative mechanical measurements on soft samples in liquid with the atomic force microscope (AFM) is limited by the bandwidth of the z-scanner and viscous drag forces on the cantilever. Here, we applied high-speed, large scan-range atomic force microscopy and small cantilevers to increase the speed of force mapping by approximate to 10-100 times. This allowed resolving dynamic processes on living mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cytoskeleton reorganization during cell locomotion, growth of individual cytoskeleton fibers, cell blebbing, and the formation of endocytic pits in the cell membrane were observed. Increasing the force curve rate from 2 to 300 Hz increased the measured apparent Young's modulus of the cells by about 10 times, which facilitated force mapping measurements at high speed. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
引用
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页数:8
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