Powertrain Energy Management for Hybrid Electric Scooter

This paper presents the structure and controls of an Hybrid Electric Scooter (HES). The vehicle manages also a regenerative breaking system. This work began with a currently marketed 125 cm(3) scooter with only heat engine. An electric motor has been placed in the wheel. To feed this electric motor, two electric storage are used: LiFePO4 cells and supercapacity. Twenty-four cells are linked together in order to create a 80 V battery. Supercapacity replaces classic lead battery feeding auxiliary devices (sensors, dashboard ...) and absorbs eventual current peaks during accelerations. An energy management has been developed and tested on a fully functional scooter. Moreover, as the scooter has been developed in partnership with a trading company (Mazziotta Motors), whose purpose was to market a final product, we carried out the tests imposed by the standards on electromagnetic compatibility.