Social anxiety and the severity and typography of stuttering in adolescents

The present study examined the relationship between anxiety, attitude toward daily communication, and stuttering symptomatology in adolescent stuttering. Adolescents who stuttered (n = 19) showed significantly higher levels of trait, state and social anxiety than fluent speaking controls (n = 18). Trait and state anxiety was significantly associated with difficulty with communication in daily situations for adolescents who stutter, but not for controls. No statistically significant associations were found between anxiety and measures of communication difficulty, and the severity or typography of stuttering surface behaviours. These results highlight some of the psychosocial concomitants of chronic stuttering in adolescence, but challenge the notion that anxiety plays a direct mediating role in stuttering surface behaviours. Rather, the results suggest stuttering is a disorder that features psychosocial conflict regardless of its surface features. Educational objectives: The reader will be able to: (1) summarise findings from previous studies with regards to stuttering and anxiety; (2) identify the sub-types of anxiety that may impact on the individual who stutters; and (3) discuss the clinical implications of the results with regards to working with adolescents who stutter. (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.