The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic

被引：229

作者：

Raghavan, Maanasa ^{[1
]}

DeGiorgio, Michael ^{[2
]}

Albrechtsen, Anders ^{[3
]}

Moltke, Ida ^{[3
,4
]}

Skoglund, Pontus ^{[5
,6
]}

Korneliussen, Thorfinn S. ^{[1
]}

Gronnow, Bjarne ^{[7
]}

Appelt, Martin ^{[7
]}

Gullov, Hans Christian ^{[7
]}

Friesen, T. Max ^{[8
]}

Fitzhugh, William ^{[9
]}

Malmstrom, Helena ^{[1
,5
]}

Rasmussen, Simon ^{[10
]}

Olsen, Jesper ^{[11
]}

Melchior, Linea ^{[12
]}

Fuller, Benjamin T. ^{[13
]}

Fahrni, Simon M. ^{[13
]}

Stafford, Thomas, Jr. ^{[1
,11
]}

Grimes, Vaughan ^{[14
,15
]}

Renouf, M. A. Priscilla ^{[14
]}

Cybulski, Jerome ^{[16
,17
]}

Lynnerup, Niels ^{[12
]}

Lahr, Marta Mirazon ^{[18
]}

Britton, Kate ^{[15
,19
]}

Knecht, Rick ^{[19
]}

Arneborg, Jette ^{[20
,21
]}

Metspalu, Mait ^{[22
,23
]}

Cornejo, Omar E. ^{[24
,25
]}

Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo ^{[1
]}

Wang, Yong ^{[26
,27
]}

Rasmussen, Morten ^{[1
]}

Raghavan, Vibha ^{[28
]}

Hansen, Thomas V. O. ^{[29
]}

Khusnutdinova, Elza ^{[30
,31
]}

Pierre, Tracey ^{[1
]}

Dneprovsky, Kirill ^{[32
]}

Andreasen, Claus ^{[33
]}

Lange, Hans ^{[33
]}

Hayes, M. Geoffrey ^{[34
,35
,36
]}

Coltrain, Joan ^{[37
]}

Spitsyn, Victor A. ^{[38
]}

Gotherstrom, Anders ^{[39
]}

Orlando, Ludovic ^{[1
]}

Kivisild, Toomas ^{[22
,40
]}

Villems, Richard ^{[22
,23
]}

Crawford, Michael H. ^{[41
]}

Nielsen, Finn C. ^{[29
]}

Dissing, Jorgen ^{[12
]}

Heinemeier, Jan ^{[11
]}

Meldgaard, Morten ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr GeoGenet, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark

[2] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[3] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Bioinformat Ctr, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark

[4] Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[5] Uppsala Univ, Dept Evolutionary Biol, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden

[6] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[7] Natl Museum Denmark, Arctic Ctr, Ethnog Collect SILA, DK-1220 Copenhagen, Denmark

[8] Univ Toronto, Dept Anthropol, Toronto, ON M5S 2S2, Canada

[9] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Arctic Studies Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA

[10] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

[11] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, AMS Dating Ctr 14C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

[12] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth Sci, Inst Forens Med, Anthropol Lab, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[13] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[14] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Archaeol, Queens Coll, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada

[15] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Human Evolut, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[16] Canadian Museum Hist, Gatineau, PQ K1A 0M8, Canada

[17] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Anthropol, London, ON N6A 5C2, Canada

[18] Univ Cambridge, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Leverhulme Ctr Human Evolutionary Studies, Cambridge CB2 1QH, England

[19] Univ Aberdeen, Dept Archaeol, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, Scotland

[20] Natl Museum Denmark, DK-1220 Copenhagen, Denmark

[21] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland

[22] Estonian Bioctr, Evolutionary Biol Grp, EE-51010 Tartu, Estonia

[23] Univ Tartu, Dept Evolutionary Biol, EE-51010 Tartu, Estonia

[24] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[25] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA

[26] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[27] Ancestry Com DNA LLC, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA

[28] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada

[29] Univ Copenhagen, Rigshosp, Ctr Genom Med, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[30] Russian Acad Sci, Ufa Sci Ctr, Inst Biochem & Genet, Ufa 450001, Russia

[31] Bashkir State Univ, Dept Genet & Fundamental Med, Ufa 450074, Bashkortostan, Russia

[32] State Museum Oriental Art, Moscow 119019, Russia

[33] Greenland Natl Museum & Arch, Nuuk 3900, Greenland

[34] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Metab & Mol Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA

[35] Northwestern Univ, Weinberg Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Anthropol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA

[36] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Ctr Genet Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA

[37] Univ Utah, Dept Anthropol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA

[38] Russian Acad Med Sci, Res Ctr Med Genet, Moscow 115478, Russia

[39] Stockholm Univ, Dept Archaeol & Class Studies, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[40] Univ Cambridge, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Cambridge CB2 1QH, England

[41] Univ Kansas, Lab Biol Anthropol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2014年 / 345卷 / 6200期

基金：

加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 瑞士国家科学基金会; 美国国家科学基金会; 新加坡国家研究基金会; 英国艺术与人文研究理事会;

关键词：

GENOME SEQUENCE; MTDNA VARIATION; HISTORY; ADMIXTURE; DORSET; DIVERSITY; GREENLAND; CANADA; MODEL; SITE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1255832

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The New World Arctic, the last region of the Americas to be populated by humans, has a relatively well-researched archaeology, but an understanding of its genetic history is lacking. We present genome-wide sequence data from ancient and present-day humans from Greenland, Arctic Canada, Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Siberia. We show that Paleo-Eskimos (similar to 3000 BCE to 1300 CE) represent a migration pulse into the Americas independent of both Native American and Inuit expansions. Furthermore, the genetic continuity characterizing the Paleo-Eskimo period was interrupted by the arrival of a new population, representing the ancestors of present-day Inuit, with evidence of past gene flow between these lineages. Despite periodic abandonment of major Arctic regions, a single Paleo-Eskimo metapopulation likely survived in near-isolation for more than 4000 years, only to vanish around 700 years ago.

引用

页码：1020 / +

页数：10

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