Is the PCL-R really the "unparalleled" measure of offender risk? A lesson in knowledge cumulation

The declaration that the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is the "unparalleled" measure of offender risk prediction is challenged. It is argued that such an assertion reflects an ethnocentric view of research in the area and has led to unsubstantiated claims based on incomplete attempts at knowledge cumulation. In fact, another more comprehensive risk measure, the Level of Service Inventory-Revised, notably surpasses the PCL-R in predicting general (phi = .37 vs. .23) and violent recidivism, albeit only modestly so in the case of the latter (phi = .26 vs. .21). In addition, other problematic issues regarding the PCL-R are outlined. Finally, it is suggested that a more useful role for psychopathy in offender risk assessment may be in terms of the responsivity dimension in case management. Finally, the authors suggest further research directions that will aid in knowledge cumulation regarding the general utility of offender risk measures.