Feasibility of Using Linearly Polarized Rotating Birdcage Transmitters and Close-Fitting Receive Arrays in MRI to Reduce SAR in the Vicinity of Deep Brain Simulation Implants

Purpose: MRI of patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) implants is strictly limited due to safety concerns, including high levels of local specific absorption rate (SAR) of radiofrequency (RF) fields near the implant and related RF-induced heating. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a rotating linearly polarized birdcage transmitter and a 32channel close-fit receive array to significantly reduce local SAR in MRI of DBS patients. Methods: Electromagnetic simulations and phantom experiments were performed with generic DBS lead geometries and implantation paths. The technique was based on mechanically rotating a linear birdcage transmitter to align its zero electricfield region with the implant while using a close-fit receive array to significantly increase signal to noise ratio of the images. Results: It was found that the zero electric-field region of the transmitter is thick enough at 1.5 Tesla to encompass DBS lead trajectories with wire segments that were up to 30 degrees out of plane, as well as leads with looped segments. Moreover, SAR reduction was not sensitive to tissue properties, and insertion of a close-fit 32-channel receive array did not degrade the SAR reduction performance. Conclusion: The ensemble of rotating linear birdcage and 32channel close-fit receive array introduces a promising technology for future improvement of imaging in patients with DBS implants. Magn Reson Med 77: 1701- 1712, 2017. (C) 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine