Comparison of disparate solid volume fraction ratios of hybrid nanofluids flow over a permeable flat surface with aligned magnetic field and Marangoni convection

Over the past decade, the preparation, characterization, and modeling of nanofluids have been plentifully studied to improve the effects of heat transfer. Hence, to gratify the advancements, this paper focuses on heat transfer effects of three distinct hybrid nanoparticles (Al2O3-SiO2, Al2O3-TiO2, TiO2-SiO2) with a base fluid (water). Therefore, this work numerically investigated the effect over a permeable flat surface with an aligned magnetic field in the presence of suction, injection, or impermeability together with the Marangoni convection of different hybrid nanofluids. The present results were validated in accordance with previous experimental and numerical results. The effects of solid volume fraction of hybrid nanoparticles, angle of inclination, magnetic parameter, and wall mass transfer parameter were studied and shown through graphs together with the surface velocity. In addition, the rate of heat transfer was presented in the tabular form. It was found that the rate of heat transfer increased as the wall mass transfer increased, considering the opposite effect of the rise of magnetic parameter. Among the three hybrid nanofluids, Al2O3-SiO2/water hybrid nanofluid showed a higher surface velocity, Al2O3/TiO2/water hybrid nanofluid had higher temperature profile, and TiO2-SiO2/water hybrid nanofluid exhibited a higher heat transfer rate. (C) 2020 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.