Energy and Velocity Based Tree Multicast Routing in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Nodes in ad hoc networks are mostly mobile, moving with arbitrary velocity and direction. Therefore, it is always beneficial if nodes are equipped with alternative paths to successors. The present article proposes both energy and velocity based (together called weight based) tree multicast protocol where not only the relative velocity of nodes, but also their expected residual lifetime contribute in computing acceptability of a path from a multicast sender to a multicast receiver. Experimental results confirm superiority of the proposed scheme over existing state-of-the-art multicast protocols, in terms of data packet delivery ratio, multicast route lifetime, control message overhead and end-to-end delay.