Hybrid approach to high-frequency microfluidic mixing

We report the experimental verification of the predicted chaotic mixing characteristics for a polydimethylsioxane microfluidic chip, based on the mechanism of multistage cross-channel flows. While chaotic mixing can be achieved within short passage distances, there is an optimal side channel flow pulsation frequency beyond which the mixing becomes ineffective. Based on the physical understanding of a Poincare section analysis, we propose the installation of passive flow baffles in the main microfluidic channel to facilitate high-frequency mixing. The combined hybrid approach enables chaotic mixing at enhanced frequency and reduced passage distance in two-dimensional flows.