Investigation of crossover processes in a unitized bidirectional vanadium/air redox flow battery

被引:34
作者
Austing, Jan Grosse [1 ]
Kirchner, Carolina Nunes [1 ]
Komsiyska, Lidiya [1 ]
Wittstock, Gunther [2 ]
机构
[1] NEXT ENERGY EWE Res Ctr Energy Technol, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
[2] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Fac Math & Nat Sci, Ctr Interface Sci, Inst Chem, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
关键词
Vanadium-air redox flow battery; Crossover redox flow battery; Vanadium oxygen fuel cell; Bidirectional oxygen/air electrode; Unitized regenerative fuel cell; Diffusion coefficient vanadium Nafion; UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; HIGH-ENERGY-DENSITY; HIGH GAS BARRIER; ION CROSSOVER; EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; WATER TRANSPORT; NEXT-GENERATION; PERFORMANCE; POLYELECTROLYTE; DIFFUSION;
D O I
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.052
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
In this paper the losses in coulombic efficiency are investigated for a vanadium/air redox flow battery (VARFB) comprising a two-layered positive electrode. Ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy is used to monitor the concentrations c(V2+) and c(V3+) during operation. The most likely cause for the largest part of the coulombic losses is the permeation of oxygen from the positive to the negative electrode followed by an oxidation of V2+ to V3+. The total vanadium crossover is followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analysis of the positive electrolyte after one VARFB cycle. During one cycle 6% of the vanadium species initially present in the negative electrolyte are transferred to the positive electrolyte, which can account at most for 20% of the coulombic losses. The diffusion coefficients of V2+ and V3+ through Nafion (R) 117 are determined as D-V2+,D- N117 = 9.05 center dot 10(-6) cm(2) min(-1) and D-V3+,D- (N117) = 4.35 center dot 10(-6) cm(2) min(-1) and are used to calculate vanadium crossover due to diffusion which allows differentiation between vanadium crossover due to diffusion and migration/electroosmotic convection. In order to optimize coulombic efficiency of VARFB, membranes need to be designed with reduced oxygen permeation and vanadium crossover. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:692 / 701
页数:10
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