Polymorphism in the catalytic subunit of the PI3Kγ gene is associated with Trypanosoma cruzi-induced chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy

Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. During the chronic phase of disease, while most infected people do not present symptoms, characterizing the asymptomatic form, some patients develop the cardiac form or chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy, which is considered the most severe manifestation of this disease. Considering that the activation of the PI3K gamma signaling pathway is essential for an efficient immune response against T. cruzi infection, we evaluated the PIK3CG C > T (rs1129293) polymorphism in exon 3 of this gene, which encodes the catalytic subunit of PI3K gamma. The PIK3CG CT and TT genotypes were found to be associated with an increased risk of developing the cardiac form of the disease rather than the asymptomatic or digestive forms. In conclusion, the presence of the T allele at single or double doses may differentiate the cardiac from other clinical manifestations of Chagas disease. This finding should help in further studies to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the differential association of PIK3CG in Chagas disease.