Percutaneous Closure in Transfemoral Aortic Valve Implantation: A Single-Centre Experience

Purpose To report the experience of a percutaneous closure device used for transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in an unselected patient and operator population. Materials and Methods Eighty-two consecutive patients (32 women, 50 men) who underwent transfemoral TAVI between September 2009 and February 2014 at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed for percutaneous closure device (PCD) failure, vascular complications, and bleeding. The diameter and calcification of the common femoral artery (CFA) and the thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer in the groin were assessed on computed tomography images. Results The incidences of PCD failure and minor and major vascular complications were 19.5 % (n = 16/82), 19.5 % (n = 16/82), and 7 % (n = 6/82) respectively. 8.5 % (n = 7/82) had a minor perioperative bleeding, 6 % (n = 5/82) had a major bleeding, and none had any life-threatening bleeding. When PCD failed, haemostasis was obtained with fascia suturing, covered stent placement, or with surgical cutdown. Thirty-day mortality and 1-year all-cause mortality were 8.5 % (n = 7/82) and 19.5 % (n = 16/82), respectively. In a multiple regression analysis, the CFA diameter and the presence of severe calcification were independently related to PCD failure (correlation coefficient = -0.24, p = 0.027 and correlation coefficient = 0.23, p = 0.036, respectively). Conclusion PCD failure was related to a small CFA diameter and to a severely calcified CFA. Failure could largely be managed with minimally invasive techniques such as covered stents or fascia suturing.