Occurrence of botrytis leaf blight, anthracnose leaf spot, and white blister rust on Wasabia japonica in British Columbia

被引:3
|
作者
Macdonald, J. L. [1 ,2 ]
Punja, Z. K. [2 ]
机构
[1] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Summerland Res & Dev Ctr, 4200 Highway 97, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada
[2] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
Albugo candida; Botrytis cinerea; Colletotrichum higginsianum; leaf blight; leaf spot; wasabi; white rust; Wasabi; brulure helminthosporienne; tache des feuilles; rouille blanche; ALBUGO-CANDIDA; COLLETOTRICHUM-DESTRUCTIVUM; CINEREA; PHYLOGENIES; RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE; SOIL;
D O I
10.1080/07060661.2017.1304021
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Diseases of wasabi (Wasabia japonica) are the most important reason for crop failure in commercial greenhouses, and expanding disease issues highlight the importance of identifying the causal agents. Diseased wasabi leaves were collected during 2013-2015 from greenhouses in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia. Isolations from plants showing symptoms of leaf spot and blight yielded a Botrytis sp. and a Colletotrichum sp. when plated onto PDA. In addition, pustules containing sporangiospores of an Albugo sp. were observed on naturally infected leaves. Molecular identification using the ITS1-ITS4 region of rDNA revealed the pathogens isolated from wasabi leaves were B. cinerea and C. higginsianum, while the Albugo species was A. candida. The B. cinerea isolates were shown to be weakly pathogenic, infecting only succulent and senescing or wounded leaves. Inoculation studies with C. higginsianum showed that it caused lesions on Brassica juncea (mustard) leaves and on wasabi, but not on Medicago sativa (alfalfa). In culture, fastest growth occurred at 25 and 30 degrees C, and the highest conidial production after 7days occurred under continuous darkness. Isolates of A. candida collected from naturally infected Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse) plants were identical to those from wasabi plants. These previously unreported pathogens on wasabi in Canada will continue to provide challenges to commercial producers and further research into disease control methods is warranted. ResumeLes maladies du wasabi (Wasabi japonica) sont les principales causes des recoltes deficitaires dans les serres commerciales, et les problemes relatifs a l'expansion de ces maladies mettent en evidence l'importance d'en identifier les agents causaux. De 2013 a 2015, des feuilles infectees de wasabi ont ete collectees dans des serres de la vallee du Fraser, en Colombie-Britannique. Lorsque places sur de la gelose dextrosee a la pomme de terre, les tissus de plants affichant des symptomes de la tache des feuilles et de la brulure helminthosporienne ont produit une espece Botrytis et une de Colletotrichum. De plus, des pustules contenant des sporangiospores d'une espece d'Albugo ont ete observees sur des feuilles naturellement infectees. L'identification moleculaire basee sur la region de l'ITS (amorces ITS1-ITS4) de l'ADNr a permis de conclure que les agents pathogenes isoles a partir des feuilles de wasabi etaient B. cinerea et C. higginsianum, tandis que l'espece d'Albugo etait A. candida. Les isolats de B. cinerea se sont averes faiblement pathogenes, infectant seulement les feuilles succulentes et senescentes ou encore les feuilles blessees. Des etudes d'inoculation realisees avec C. higginsianum ont montre qu'il causait des lesions sur les feuilles de Brassica juncea (moutarde) et le wasabi, mais pas sur Medicago sativa (luzerne). En culture, la croissance la plus rapide s'est produite a 25 et 30 degrees C, et la production conidienne la plus elevee s'est manifestee au bout de sept jours d'obscurite totale. Les isolats d'A. candida collectes sur des plants de Capsella bursa-pastoris (bourse-a-pasteur) naturellement infectes etaient identiques a ceux provenant des plants de wasabi. Ces agents pathogenes non rapportes anterieurement sur le wasabi au Canada continueront de constituer un defi pour les producteurs commerciaux et, en consequence, des recherches plus poussees concernant les methodes de lutte contre cette maladie sont justifiees.
引用
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页码:60 / 71
页数:12
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