Feature Review Computational ethics

被引：27

作者：

Awad, Edmond ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Levine, Sydney ^{[4
,5
]}

Anderson, Michael ^{[6
]}

Anderson, Susan Leigh ^{[7
]}

Conitzer, Vincent ^{[8
,9
,10
,11
]}

Crockett, M. J. ^{[12
]}

Everett, Jim A. C. ^{[13
]}

Evgeniou, Theodoros ^{[14
,32
]}

Gopnik, Alison ^{[15
]}

Jamison, Julian C. ^{[1
,16
]}

Kim, Tae Wan ^{[17
]}

Liao, S. Matthew ^{[18
]}

Meyer, Michelle N. ^{[19
,20
,21
]}

Mikhail, John ^{[22
]}

Opoku-Agyemang, Kweku ^{[23
,24
,33
]}

Borg, Jana Schaich ^{[25
,26
]}

Schroeder, Juliana ^{[27
]}

Sinnott-Armstrong, Walter ^{[10
,26
,28
]}

Slavkovik, Marija ^{[29
]}

Tenenbaum, Josh B. ^{[4
,30
,31
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Exeter, Dept Econ, Exeter, Devon, England

[2] Univ Exeter, Inst Data Sci & AI, Exeter, Devon, England

[3] Max Planck Inst Human Dev, Ctr Humans & Machines, Berlin, Germany

[4] MIT, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[5] Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[6] Univ Hartford, Dept Comp Sci, Hartford, CT 06117 USA

[7] Univ Connecticut, Dept Philosophy, Storrs, CT USA

[8] Duke Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Durham, NC 27706 USA

[9] Duke Univ, Dept Econ, Durham, NC 27706 USA

[10] Duke Univ, Dept Philosophy, Durham, NC USA

[11] Univ Oxford, Inst Eth AI, Oxford, England

[12] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA

[13] Univ Kent, Sch Psychol, Canterbury, Kent, England

[14] INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France

[15] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Psychol, 3210 Tolman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[16] Univ Oxford, Global Prior Inst, Oxford, England

[17] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Eth Grp, Tepper Sch Business, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA

[18] NYU, Ctr Bioeth, New York, NY USA

[19] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Ctr Translat Bioeth & Hlth Care Policy, Danville, PA USA

[20] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Steele Inst Hlth Innovat, Danville, PA USA

[21] Geisinger Commonwealth Sch Med, Scranton, PA USA

[22] Georgetown Univ Law Ctr, Washington, DC USA

[23] London Sch Econ, Int Growth Ctr, London, England

[24] Machine Learning X Doing, Toronto, ON, Canada

[25] Duke Univ, Social Sci Res Inst, Durham, NC USA

[26] Duke Univ, Duke Inst Brain Sci, Durham, NC USA

[27] Univ Calif Berkeley, Haas Sch Business, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[28] Duke Univ, Kenan Inst Eth, Durham, NC USA

[29] Univ Bergen, Dept Informat Sci & Media Studies, Bergen, Norway

[30] MIT, Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[31] MIT, Ctr Brains Minds & Machines, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[32] Tremau, Paris, France

[33] Dev Econ X, Toronto, ON, Canada

来源：

TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES | 2022年 / 26卷 / 05期

关键词：

tive science; tive equilibrium; computational terms; SOCIAL-SCIENCE; EVOLUTION; PEOPLE; MODELS; AI; ALGORITHMS; EFFICIENCY; FAIRNESS; OPINION; LOGIC;

D O I：

10.1016/j.tics.2022.02.009

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];

学科分类号：

03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

Technological advances are enabling roles for machines that present novel ethical challenges. The study of 'AI ethics' has emerged to confront these challenges, and connects perspectives from philosophy, computer science, law, and economics. Less represented in these interdisciplinary efforts is the perspective of cognitive science. We propose a framework - computational ethics - that specifies how the ethical challenges of AI can be partially addressed by incorporating the study of human moral decision-making. The driver of this framework is a computational version of reflective equilibrium (RE), an approach that seeks coherence between considered judgments and governing principles. The framework has two goals: (i) to inform the engineering of ethical AI systems, and (ii) to characterize human moral judgment and decision-making in computational terms. Working jointly towards these two goals will create the opportunity to integrate diverse research questions, bring together multiple academic communities, uncover new interdisciplinary research topics, and shed light on centuries-old philosophical questions.

引用

页码：388 / 405

页数：18

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