Searching for consistencies in Chatelperronian pigment use

被引:43
作者
Dayer, Laure [1 ]
d'Errico, Francesco [1 ,2 ]
Garcia-Moreno, Renata [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS UMR PACEA 5199, CS 50023, F-33615 Pessac, France
[2] Univ Bergen, Dept Archaeol Hist Cultural Studies & Relig, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
基金
欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
Paleolithic; Neanderthal; Iron oxides; Manganese oxides; Portable XRF; mu-XRD; SEM-EDS; MIDDLE STONE-AGE; HUMAN-CLIMATE INTERACTION; MODERN HUMAN-BEHAVIOR; PROTO-AURIGNACIAN; RADIOCARBON CHRONOLOGY; PREHISTORIC PIGMENTS; ADAPTIVE SHIFT; SPECIES MODEL; ORIGIN; OCHRE;
D O I
10.1016/j.jas.2014.01.032
中图分类号
Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
030303 ;
摘要
Evidence supporting the hypothesis that Neanderthals developed cultural adaptations comparable to those associated with the Upper Palaeolithic is controversial, and come from a handful of sites, mainly attributed to the Chatelperronian. Pigments play a growing role in this debate. We present a critical review of available information on Chatelperronian pigment use, and submit pigment lumps from three Chatelperronian sites, Roc-de-Combe (Lot), Le Baste, and Bidart (Pyrenees Atlantiques) to a microscopic, elemental and mineralogical analysis using multifocus optical microscopy, SEM-EDS, XRF, Raman, and mu XRD techniques. The thirty-nine pigment lumps from Roc-de-Combe consist of a great variety of red and black iron and manganese oxide rich rocks, probably collected at close and relatively distant sources. A third of the pieces from Roc-de-Combe and one piece from Bidart and Le Baste bear percussion marks and facets produced by grinding. Our results demonstrate that a consistent use of pigments, interpreted as reflecting site function, occurs at sites located in the South-western area of the known distribution of the Chatelperronian. Considering that this area is distant from the location of the earliest Proto-Aurignacian and Early Aurignacian sites from Germany and Austria, and that available radiocarbon dating indicate a chronological anteriority of Roc-de-Combe Chatelperronian, we argue that the hypothesis that Chatelperronian pigment use results from Neanderthal 'acculturation' is improbable. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:180 / 193
页数:14
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