Shear stress dependency of small strain stiffness and creep of Toyoura sand

Hollow cylinder torsion shear tests have been carried out to study anisotropy of small strain stiffness and creep of dense Toyoura sand under various shear stress conditions in the p'-constant plane. Amounts of creep strain and creep strain rate are correlated with the shear stress level as well as the shear direction. Small strain stiffness components are measured by applying small amplitude cyclic loads. The power low of stress is adapted to the test data to express the shear stress dependency of small strain stiffness. Contour lines of modulus arc drawn in the p'-constant plane to see overall shear stress dependency of the stiffness.