Investigation of nickel ammonia phosphate with different morphologies as a new high-efficiency flame retardant for epoxy resin

被引:13
|
作者
Zhang, Weiwei [1 ]
Wu, Hongjuan [2 ]
Meng, Weihua [1 ]
Li, Jiahe [1 ]
Cui, Yumeng [1 ]
Xu, Jianzhong [1 ]
Qu, Hongqiang [1 ]
机构
[1] Hebei Univ, Key Lab Analyt Sci & Technol Hebei Prov, Flame Retardant Mat & Proc Technol Engn Technol R, Coll Chem & Environm Sci, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China
[2] Agr Univ Hebei, Dept Fdn Courses, Cangzhou, Peoples R China
关键词
Nickel ammonium phosphate; flame retardant; epoxy resin; morphology; DOUBLE HYDROXIDE NANOSHEETS; SMOKE SUPPRESSION; VISIBLE-LIGHT; GRAPHENE; OXIDE; NANOCOMPOSITES; DEGRADATION; COMPOSITE; NETWORK; HYBRIDS;
D O I
10.1177/0954008319867369
中图分类号
O63 [高分子化学(高聚物)];
学科分类号
070305 ; 080501 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Nanowires, nanosheets, and microflowers of nickel ammonium phosphate (NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O) were synthesized by a mixed solvothermal method and used to improve the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP). The solvent concentration and surfactant content were found to play a key role in nucleation and growth of NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O. The structure of NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O was characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The flame retardancy, thermostability, mechanical properties, and flame retardancy mechanism of EP/NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O composites were analyzed using the limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimetry (Cone), mechanical property tests, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermogravimetric-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O has proper thermal stability and greatly improves the flame retardancy of EP. The nanosheets outperformed the other morphologies; the EP/5% NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O nanosheets have an LOI of 35.2%, which exceeds that of pure EP (24.7%). Furthermore, Cone showed that these nanosheets have the lowest peak heat release rate and peak smoke production rate, which are 69.1% and 36.5% lower than those of pure EP, respectively. NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O can promote the formation of a stable char layer and release nonflammable gases, thus protecting the matrix by preventing heat and oxygen transfer and reducing the concentration of combustible gas. NiNH4PO4 center dot H2O is expected to serve as a new high-efficiency flame retardant for EP.
引用
收藏
页码:359 / 370
页数:12
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