Dissociating memory traces and scenario construction in mental time travel

被引:64
作者
Cheng, Sen [1 ,2 ]
Werning, Markus [1 ,3 ,5 ]
Suddendorf, Thomas [4 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Mercator Res Grp Struct Memory, Univ Str 150, Bochum, Germany
[2] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Psychol, Univ Str 150, Bochum, Germany
[3] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Dept Philosophy 2, Univ Str 150, Bochum, Germany
[4] Univ Queensland, Sch Psychol, Early Cognit Dev Ctr, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
[5] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Mercator Res Grp Struct Memory, Dept Philosophy 2, Univ Str 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
[6] Univ Queensland, Sch Psychol, Early Cognit Dev Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
Mental time travel; Episodic memory; Scenario; Episodic memory trace; Animal cognition; Episodic-like memory; EPISODIC-LIKE MEMORY; HIPPOCAMPAL PLACE CELLS; SINGLE NEURONS; WORKING-MEMORY; BRAIN SYSTEMS; FUTURE; SEQUENCES; INFORMATION; ANIMALS; RECOLLECTION;
D O I
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.11.011
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
There has been a persistent debate about how to define episodic memory and whether it is a uniquely human capacity. On the one hand, many animal cognition studies employ content-based criteria, such as the what-where-when criterion, and argue that nonhuman animals possess episodic memory. On the other hand, many human cognition studies emphasize the subjective experience during retrieval as an essential property of episodic memory and the distinctly human foresight it purportedly enables. We propose that both perspectives may examine distinct but complementary aspects of episodic memory by drawing a conceptual distinction between episodic memory traces and mental time travel. Episodic memory traces are sequential mnemonic representations of particular, personally experienced episodes. Mental time travel draws on these traces, but requires other components to construct scenarios and embed them into larger narratives. Various nonhuman animals may store episodic memory traces, and yet it is possible that only humans are able to construct and reflect on narratives of their lives- and flexibly compare alternative scenarios of the remote future. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:82 / 89
页数:8
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