Effectiveness of lobster fisheries management in New Zealand and Nova Scotia from multi-species and ecosystem perspectives

被引:6
作者
Eddy, Tyler D. [1 ]
Araujo, Julio N. [2 ,3 ]
Bundy, Alida [2 ]
Fulton, Elizabeth A. [4 ,5 ]
Lotze, Heike K. [1 ]
机构
[1] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada
[2] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
[3] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Oceanog & Ecol, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
[4] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas, Australia
[5] Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas, Australia
关键词
Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE); ecosystem approach to fisheries; ecosystem-based fisheries management; Homarus americanus; Jasus edwardsii; multi-species maximum sustainable yield (MMSY); MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; COD; COLLAPSE; ECOPATH; ECOSIM; CATCH; FISH;
D O I
10.1093/icesjms/fsw127
中图分类号
S9 [水产、渔业];
学科分类号
0908 ;
摘要
In New Zealand and Nova Scotia, lobster (Jasus edwardsii and Homarus americanus, respectively) is the most valuable export fishery. Although stock assessments and indicators assist in evaluating lobster fisheries, ecosystem effects are largely unknown, hindering ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). We employed ecosystem models for the Cook Strait, New Zealand and western Scotian Shelf, Nova Scotia, Canada, to evaluate trade-offs between catches and ecosystem impacts in lobster fisheries from single-and multi-species perspectives. We ran simulations to independently determine exploitation rates that produced maximum sustainable yield (MSY) for lobster, and for all fished groups. We then ran simulations using these MSY exploitation rates simultaneously, and simulations to maximize multi-species MSY (MMSY). Our results indicate that current lobster exploitation rates in both regions are greater than those producing MSY, and have significant ecosystem impacts. Simulating multi-species fisheries, in both systems the sum of single-species MSY for all fished groups was less than the sum of catches where exploitation rates were run simultaneously. Runs maximizing MMSY across the entire ecosystem increased exploitation rates on many fished groups, and produced even greater total catch-yet with much greater ecological costs-and in Nova Scotia, collapses of sharks, large predators, and lobster themselves. As fisheries management moves towards multi-species and ecosystem-based approaches, we suggest that MMSY targets should be treated similarly to MSY-not as a target, but a limit. Even then, careful evaluation is required before implementation to ensure that there are no undesirable economic or ecological consequences.
引用
收藏
页码:146 / 157
页数:12
相关论文
共 66 条
[1]  
Anderson SC, 2011, PLOS ONE, V6, DOI [10.1371/journal.pone.0014735, 10.1371/journal.pone.0024368]
[2]   Serial exploitation of global sea cucumber fisheries [J].
Anderson, Sean C. ;
Flemming, Joanna Mills ;
Watson, Reg ;
Lotze, Heike K. .
FISH AND FISHERIES, 2011, 12 (03) :317-339
[3]   Evaluating the knowledge base for expanding low-trophic-level fisheries in Atlantic Canada [J].
Anderson, Sean C. ;
Lotze, Heike K. ;
Shackell, Nancy L. .
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES, 2008, 65 (12) :2553-2571
[4]   New Zealand's ITQ system: Have the first eight years been a success or a failure? [J].
Annala, JH .
REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES, 1996, 6 (01) :43-62
[5]  
[Anonymous], 2010, ECOSYSTEM BASED FISH, DOI DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511667091
[6]  
Araujo J.N., 2011, CANADIAN TECHNICAL R, V2952
[7]   Effects of environmental change, fisheries and trophodynamics on the ecosystem of the western Scotian Shelf, Canada [J].
Araujo, Julio Neves ;
Bundy, Alida .
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES, 2012, 464 :51-U79
[8]   Ecological role of large benthic decapods in marine ecosystems: a review [J].
Boudreau, Stephanie A. ;
Worm, Boris .
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES, 2012, 469 :195-213
[9]   Top-down control of lobster in the Gulf of Maine: insights from local ecological knowledge and research surveys [J].
Boudreau, Stephanie A. ;
Worm, Boris .
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES, 2010, 403 :181-191
[10]   A voluntary reduction in the commercial catch of rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) in a New Zealand fishery [J].
Breen, Paul A. ;
Sykes, Daryl R. ;
Starr, Paul J. ;
Kim, Susan ;
Haist, Vivian .
NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH, 2009, 43 (01) :511-523