Quantum nucleation of phase slips in Bose-Einstein condensates

被引:0
作者
Büchler, HP [1 ]
Geshkenbein, VB [1 ]
Blatter, G [1 ]
机构
[1] ETH Honggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
来源
QUANTIZED VORTEX DYNAMICS AND SUPERFLUID TURBULENCE | 2001年 / 571卷
关键词
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
O35 [流体力学]; O53 [等离子体物理学];
学科分类号
070204 ; 080103 ; 080704 ;
摘要
We present a theoretical study of quantum fluctuations in a Bose-Einstein condensate confined within a thin cylindrical trap and perturbed by a moving impurity. We derive an effective action which maps the problem to that of a massive particle with damping in a periodic potential. Quantum fluctuations lead to a finite nucleation rate of phase slips and we make use of known results in our determination of the transport characteristic. Real Bose-Einstein condensate are finite systems and exhibit interesting effects depending on topology: in superfluid rings we obtain a critical velocity below which the nucleation rate is quenched. In a cigar shaped condensate the low-energy action is equivalent to that of a capacitively shunted Josephson junction. The state with a well defined phase difference across the impurity then is unstable towards a decoupled state with a fixed number of particles on either side of the impurity.
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页码:334 / 341
页数:4
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