Extracellular Vesicles as Nanotherapeutics for Parkinson's Disease

被引：26

作者：

Leggio, Loredana ^{[1
]}

Paterno, Greta ^{[1
]}

Vivarelli, Silvia ^{[1
]}

L'Episcopo, Francesca ^{[2
]}

Tirolo, Cataldo ^{[2
]}

Raciti, Gabriele ^{[1
,3
]}

Pappalardo, Fabrizio ^{[1
]}

Giachino, Carmela ^{[2
]}

Caniglia, Salvatore ^{[2
]}

Serapide, Maria Francesca ^{[1
]}

Marchetti, Bianca ^{[1
,2
]}

Iraci, Nunzio ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Catania, Dept Biomed & Biotechnol Sci BIOMETEC, Torre Biol, Via Santa Sofia 97, I-95125 Catania, Italy

[2] IRCCS, Neuropharmacol Sect, OASI Res Inst, I-94018 Troina, Italy

[3] Mediterranean Inst Oncol, I-95029 Catania, Italy

来源：

BIOMOLECULES | 2020年 / 10卷 / 09期

关键词：

Parkinson's disease; neurodegeneration; extracellular vesicles; exosomes; biomarkers; nanotherapeutics; nanodrugs; nanoparticle; cell-free therapy; INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI ERADICATION; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; STEM-CELLS; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; MOUSE MODEL; TRANSGENE EXPRESSION; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE; THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY;

D O I：

10.3390/biom10091327

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membranous structures secreted by normal and diseased cells, and carrying a wide range of bioactive molecules. In the central nervous system (CNS), EVs are important in both homeostasis and pathology. Through receptor-ligand interactions, direct fusion, or endocytosis, EVs interact with their target cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that EVs play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), including Parkinson ' s disease (PD). PD is the second most common ND, characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons within the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In PD, EVs are secreted by both neurons and glial cells, with either beneficial or detrimental effects, via a complex program of cell-to-cell communication. The functions of EVs in PD range from their etiopathogenetic relevance to their use as diagnostic tools and innovative carriers of therapeutics. Because they can cross the blood-brain barrier, EVs can be engineered to deliver bioactive molecules (e.g., small interfering RNAs, catalase) within the CNS. This review summarizes the latest findings regarding the role played by EVs in PD etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, with a particular focus on their use as novel PD nanotherapeutics.

引用

页码：1 / 35

页数：35

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