ESPRESSO at VLT: On-sky performance and first results

被引：347

作者：

Pepe, F. ^{[1
]}

Cristiani, S. ^{[2
,16
]}

Rebolo, R. ^{[3
,18
,19
]}

Santos, N. C. ^{[4
,12
]}

Dekker, H. ^{[5
]}

Cabral, A. ^{[6
,11
]}

Di Marcantonio, P. ^{[2
]}

Figueira, P. ^{[4
,15
]}

Lo Curto, G. ^{[15
]}

Lovis, C. ^{[1
]}

Mayor, M. ^{[1
]}

Megevand, D. ^{[1
]}

Molaro, P. ^{[2
,16
]}

Riva, M. ^{[7
]}

Zapatero Osorio, M. R. ^{[8
]}

Amate, M. ^{[3
]}

Manescau, A. ^{[5
]}

Pasquini, L. ^{[5
]}

Zerbi, F. M. ^{[7
]}

Adibekyan, V. ^{[4
,12
]}

Abreu, M. ^{[6
,11
]}

Affolter, M. ^{[9
]}

Alibert, Y. ^{[9
]}

Aliverti, M. ^{[7
]}

Allart, R. ^{[1
]}

Prieto, C. Allende ^{[3
,18
]}

Alvarez, D. ^{[5
]}

Alves, D. ^{[6
,11
]}

Avila, G. ^{[5
]}

Baldini, V. ^{[2
]}

Bandy, T. ^{[9
]}

Barros, S. C. C. ^{[4
]}

Benz, W. ^{[9
]}

Bianco, A. ^{[7
]}

Borsa, F. ^{[7
]}

Bourrier, V. ^{[1
]}

Bouchy, F. ^{[1
]}

Broeg, C. ^{[9
]}

Calderone, G. ^{[2
]}

Cirami, R. ^{[2
]}

Coelho, J. ^{[6
,11
]}

Conconi, P. ^{[7
]}

Coretti, I. ^{[2
]}

Cumani, C. ^{[5
]}

Cupani, G. ^{[2
]}

D'Odorico, V. ^{[2
,16
]}

Damasso, M. ^{[10
]}

Deiries, S. ^{[5
]}

Delabre, B. ^{[5
]}

Demangeon, O. D. S. ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, Ch Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

[2] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[3] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Via Lactea, Tenerife 38200, Spain

[4] Univ Porto, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, CAUP, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Porto, Portugal

[5] European Southern Observ, ESO, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[6] Univ Lisbon, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Edificio C8, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal

[7] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, Italy

[8] Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Carretera Ajalvir Km 4, Madrid 28850, Spain

[9] Univ Bern, Phys Inst, Gesellschaftsstr 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[10] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy

[11] Univ Lisbon, Dept Fis, Fac Ciencias, Edificio C8, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal

[12] Univ Porto, Dept Fis & Astron, Fac Ciencias, Rua Campo Alegre, P-4169007 Porto, Portugal

[13] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy

[14] NRCC HIA, 5071 West Saanich Rd Bldg VIC-10, Victoria, BC V9E 2E, Canada

[15] European Southern Observ, ESO, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile

[16] IFPU, Inst Fundamental Phys Universe, Via Beirut 2, I-34151 Trieste, Italy

[17] Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Porto, Portugal

[18] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, Tenerife 38206, Spain

[19] CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain

[20] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3211, Australia

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2021年 / 645卷

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会; 瑞士国家科学基金会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

techniques: radial velocities; instrumentation: spectrographs; planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: detection; cosmology: miscellaneous; asteroseismology; FINE-STRUCTURE CONSTANT; TESTING FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS; SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS; UVES LARGE PROGRAM; DEUTERIUM ABUNDANCE; ABSORPTION SYSTEM; COSMIC DYNAMICS; STAR; CONSTRAINTS; VARIABILITY;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/202038306

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Context. ESPRESSO is the new high-resolution spectrograph of ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT). It was designed for ultra-high radial-velocity (RV) precision and extreme spectral fidelity with the aim of performing exoplanet research and fundamental astrophysical experiments with unprecedented precision and accuracy. It is able to observe with any of the four Unit Telescopes (UTs) of the VLT at a spectral resolving power of 140 000 or 190 000 over the 378.2 to 788.7 nm wavelength range; it can also observe with all four UTs together, turning the VLT into a 16 m diameter equivalent telescope in terms of collecting area while still providing a resolving power of 70 000.Aims. We provide a general description of the ESPRESSO instrument, report on its on-sky performance, and present our Guaranteed Time Observation (GTO) program along with its first results.Methods. ESPRESSO was installed on the Paranal Observatory in fall 2017. Commissioning (on-sky testing) was conducted between December 2017 and September 2018. The instrument saw its official start of operations on October 1, 2018, but improvements to the instrument and recommissioning runs were conducted until July 2019.Results. The measured overall optical throughput of ESPRESSO at 550 nm and a seeing of 0.65 '' exceeds the 10% mark under nominal astroclimatic conditions. We demonstrate an RV precision of better than 25 cm s(-1) during a single night and 50 cm s(-1) over several months. These values being limited by photon noise and stellar jitter shows that the performance is compatible with an instrumental precision of 10 cm s(-1). No difference has been measured across the UTs, neither in throughput nor RV precision.Conclusions. The combination of the large collecting telescope area with the efficiency and the exquisite spectral fidelity of ESPRESSO opens a new parameter space in RV measurements, the study of planetary atmospheres, fundamental constants, stellar characterization, and many other fields.

引用

页数：26

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