Issues of transport problems with electric vehicles

Conventional vehicles cause a lot of environmental damage and contribute directly to climate change, they also are directly dependent on oil reserves which are limited and their availability is no longer guaranteed for years to come. Electric vehicles seem therefore to be the future solution for sustainable transportation. However, the issue of performance of electric vehicles due to technical constraints limits their usefulness. Battery performance, technological advances, and energy management as well as their application to electric vehicle routing problems are therefore important research issues. In this paper we present a review of the different technologies and technical constraints of electric vehicles, as well as the issues and constraints considered in electric vehicle routing problems "EVRP". The environmental benefits of using EV's compared to combustion vehicles is defined. Compatibility and adoption of EV's in freight transportation is studied, and variation of EVRPs is reviewed.