Ontogenesis of Lateralization

被引:155
作者
Gunturkun, Onur [1 ,2 ]
Ocklenburg, Sebastian [1 ]
机构
[1] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Cognit Neurosci, Dept Biopsychol, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
[2] Stellenbosch Univ, Stellenbosch Inst Adv Study STIAS, Wallenberg Res Ctr, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa
关键词
LEFT-RIGHT ASYMMETRY; ASCENDING VISUAL PATHWAYS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CAG-REPEAT LENGTH; LANGUAGE LATERALIZATION; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; BRAIN ASYMMETRY; LEFT-HANDEDNESS; FUNCTIONAL LATERALIZATION; CEREBRAL LATERALIZATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.045
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
The brains of humans and other animals are asymmetrically organized, but we still know little about the ontogenetic and neural fundaments of lateralizations. Here, we review the current state of understanding about the role of genetic and non-genetic factors for the development of neural and behavioral asymmetries in vertebrates. At the genetic level, the Nodal signaling cascade is of central importance, but several other genetic pathways have been discovered to also shape the lateralized embryonic brain. Studies in humans identified several relevant genes with mostly small effect sizes but also highlight the extreme importance of non-genetic factors for asymmetry development. This is also visible in visual asymmetry in birds, in which genes only affect embryonic body position, while the resulting left-right difference of visual stimulation shapes visual pathways in a lateralized way. These and further studies in zebrafish and humans highlight that the many routes from genes to asymmetries of function run through left-right differences of neural pathways. They constitute the lateralized blueprints of our perception, cognition, and action.
引用
收藏
页码:249 / 263
页数:15
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