Bioactive Endophytes Warrant Intensified Exploration and Conservation

被引：77

作者：

Smith, Stephen A. ^{[1
]}

Tank, David C. ^{[1
]}

Boulanger, Lori-Ann ^{[2
]}

Bascom-Slack, Carol A. ^{[2
]}

Eisenman, Kaury ^{[2
]}

Kingery, David ^{[2
]}

Babbs, Beatrice ^{[2
]}

Fenn, Kathleen ^{[2
]}

Greene, Joshua S. ^{[2
]}

Hann, Bradley D. ^{[2
]}

Keehner, Jocelyn ^{[2
]}

Kelley-Swift, Elizabeth G. ^{[2
]}

Kembaiyan, Vivek ^{[2
]}

Lee, Sun Jin ^{[2
]}

Li, Puyao ^{[2
]}

Light, David Y. ^{[2
]}

Lin, Emily H. ^{[2
]}

Ma, Cong ^{[2
]}

Moore, Emily ^{[2
]}

Schorn, Michelle A. ^{[2
]}

Vekhter, Daniel ^{[2
]}

Nunez, Percy V. ^{[3
]}

Strobel, Gart A. ^{[4
]}

Donoghue, Michael J. ^{[1
]}

Strobel, Scott A. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA

[2] Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA

[3] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Cuzco, Peru

[4] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Bozeman, MT USA

来源：

PLOS ONE | 2008年 / 3卷 / 08期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1371/journal.pone.0003052

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Background: A key argument in favor of conserving biodiversity is that as yet undiscovered biodiversity will yield products of great use to humans. However, the link between undiscovered biodiversity and useful products is largely conjectural. Here we provide direct evidence from bioassays of endophytes isolated from tropical plants and bioinformatic analyses that novel biology will indeed yield novel chemistry of potential value. Methodology/Principal Findings: We isolated and cultured 135 endophytic fungi and bacteria from plants collected in Peru. nrDNAs were compared to samples deposited in GenBank to ascertain the genetic novelty of cultured specimens. Ten endophytes were found to be as much as 15-30% different than any sequence in GenBank. Phylogenetic trees, using the most similar sequences in GenBank, were constructed for each endophyte to measure phylogenetic distance. Assays were also conducted on each cultured endophyte to record bioactivity, of which 65 were found to be bioactive. Conclusions/Significance: The novelty of our contribution is that we have combined bioinformatic analyses that document the diversity found in environmental samples with culturing and bioassays. These results highlight the hidden hyperdiversity of endophytic fungi and the urgent need to explore and conserve hidden microbial diversity. This study also showcases how undergraduate students can obtain data of great scientific significance.

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