Neuroinvasion during delayed primary HHV-7 infection in an immunocompetent adult with encephalitis and flaccid paralysis

Antibody avidity tests have been used to detect primary human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) infection in an immunocompetent 19-year-old man with encephalitis and flaccid paralysis for which all other suspected causes had been excluded. The finding of the viral DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but not in serum samples suggests that primary HHV-7 infection with invasion of the central nervous system and consequential disease had occurred. As almost all adults are infected with HHV-7 in early childhood, the present case of delayed primary infection with serious symptoms must be exceptionally rare and no cases of such late acquisition of the virus have been documented in the literature. This report of HHV-7 DNA in the CSF of an immunocompetent adult is also unique. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.