Strong rebound of wakefulness follows prostaglandin D2- or adenosine A2a receptor agonist-induced sleep

We studied the effect of sleep excess on the sleep-wakefulness pattern of rats. Subarachnoid infusion of prostaglandin D-2 or the adenosine A(2a) receptor agonist CGS21680 effectively induced slow wave sleep (SWS) for the first 12 h of the night-time period, whereas they did not induce sleep during the following 24 h of infusion. An increase in the amount of wakefulness was seen during the last 12 h of prostaglandin D-2 infusion. The amounts of wakefulness strongly increased during the following 36-h recovery period. Rebound wakefulness was extraordinarily strong after the cessation of CGS21680 infusion, reaching almost complete insomnia during the night-time. Treatment of animals with prostaglandin D-2 overnight, following by treatment with CGS21680 on the next night, resulted in the strongest induction of wakefulness rebound. During the rebound period, the amount of wakefulness reached up to 50 min per hour in the daytime. Rebound of wakefulness depended on the amounts of preceding SWS induced by infusion of prostaglandin D-2 for 6 or 12 h and of CGS21680 for 12 h. The larger the amount of SWS, the larger the amount of the following rebound of wakefulness. Rebounds of wakefulness occurred as a result of decrease in SWS amounts, whereas paradoxical sleep amounts did not change. Desensitization of adenosine A(2a) receptors and accumulation of prostaglandin E-2 may be involved in the production of strong wakefulness rebound following relatively long treatments (more than 12 h) with prostaglandin D-2 or CGS21680.