THE CONTRASTIVE POETICS OF SHORT GENRES IN RUSSIAN AND TATAR LITERATURE

This article contrastively examines short genres of Russian and Tatar literature. These are the short story and the hikaya, along with the fragment poem and the kitga. The goal of the research undertaken is to discover the genre-specific features of the hikaya and kitga as non-canonical genres with their own internal rules, which are not identical to the characteristic features of non-canonical genres (such as the short story and fragment poem) in Russian and European literature. On the basis of this research, the conclusion has been reached that the specifics of the hikaya as a genre, as seen in A. Eniki's art, can be defined by the ratio of epic and lyrical principles in the structure of a given work. Based on the variations in this ratio, one can define the genre's typological variants: the lyrical hikaya, the lyrical-epic hikaya, and the epic hikaya, which appears to be somewhat more important, based on the results produced. In a contrastive consideration of the genres of the fragment poem and the kitga, it is determined that, when compared to the fragment poem, which is formed by the traditions of Romanticism, the kitga, which traces back to the traditions of Eastern literature, is a more holistic and fully realized form on the semantic level, where philosophical themes occupy a special place. The results displayed here are significant for the historical poetics of the genres of hikaya and kitga in Tatar literature, and for an understanding of the national peculiarities of Russian and Tatar literature as a whole.