Food Insecurity in Older Adults: Results From the Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases Cohort Study 3

被引:92
作者
Fernandes, Simone G. [1 ]
Rodrigues, Ana M. [2 ]
Nunes, Carla [1 ,3 ]
Santos, Osvaldo [4 ,5 ]
Gregorio, Maria J. [2 ]
de Sousa, Rute Dinis [2 ]
Dias, Sara [2 ]
Canhao, Helena [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Nova Lisboa, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Lisbon, Portugal
[2] Univ Nova Lisboa, NOVA Med Sch, Unidade Epidemiol Doencas Cron, CEDOC,EpiDoc Unit, Lisbon, Portugal
[3] Univ Nova Lisboa, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Ctr Invest Saude Publ, Lisbon, Portugal
[4] Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Med Prevent & Saude Publ, Lisbon, Portugal
[5] Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Saude Ambiental, Lisbon, Portugal
关键词
food insecurity; chronic diseases; quality of life; older adults; management of chronic diseases; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; OBESITY PARADOX; DIET QUALITY; HEALTH; NUTRITION; SECURITY; DEPRESSION; EXPERIENCE; PROGRAMS; POSITION;
D O I
10.3389/fmed.2018.00203
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Introduction: The public health problem of food insecurity also affects the elderly population. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of household food insecurity and its associations with chronic disease and health-related quality of life characteristics in individuals >= 65 years of age living in the community in Portugal. Methods: The data were collected from the Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases Cohort Study 3 (EpiDoC3)-Promoting Food Security Study (2015-2016), which was the third evaluation wave of the EpiDoC and represented the Portuguese adult population. Food insecurity was assessed using a psychometric scale adapted from the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. The data on sociodemographic variables, chronic disease, and management of chronic disease were self-reported. Health-related quality of life were assessed using the European Quality of Life Survey (version validated for the Portuguese population). Logistic regression models were used to determine crude and adjusted odds ratios (for age group, gender, region, and education). The dependent variable was the perceived level of food security. Results: Among older adults, 23% were living in a food-insecure household. The odds of living in a food-insecure household were higher for individuals in the 70-74 years age group (odds ratio (OR) = 1.405, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.392-1.417), females (OR = 1.545, 95% CI 1.534-1.556), those with less education (OR = 3.355, 95% CI 3.306-3.404), low income (OR = 4,150, 95% CI 4.091-4.210), and those reporting it was very difficult to live with the current income (OR = 16.665, 95% CI 16.482-16.851). The odds of having a chronic disease were also greater among individuals living in food-insecure households: diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.832, 95% CI 1.818-1.846), pulmonary diseases (OR = 1.628, 95% CI 1.606-1.651), cardiac disease (OR = 1.329, 95% CI 1.319-1.340), obesity (OR = 1.493, 95% CI 1.477-1.508), those who reduced their frequency of medical visits (OR = 4.381, 95% CI 4.334-4.428), and who stopped taking medication due to economic difficulties (OR = 5.477, 95% CI 5.422-5.532). Older adults in food-insecure households had lower health-related quality of life (OR = 0.212, 95% CI 0.210-0.214). Conclusions: Our findings indicated that food insecurity was significantly associated with economic factors, higher values for prevalence of chronic diseases, poor management of chronic diseases, and decreased health-related quality of life in older adults living in the community.
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页数:12
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