Novel Eu3+-activated Ba2Y5B5O17 red-emitting phosphors for white LEDs: high color purity, high quantum efficiency and excellent thermal stability

Eu3+-activated Ba2Y5B5O17 (Ba2Y5-xEuxB5O17; x = 0.1-1) red-emitting phosphors were synthesized by the conventional high temperature solid-state reaction method in an air atmosphere. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the pure phase formation of the as-synthesized phosphors. Morphological studies were performed using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The photoluminescence spectra, lifetimes, color coordinates and internal quantum efficiency (IQE) as well as the temperature-dependent emission spectra were investigated systematically. Upon 396 nm excitation, Ba2Y5-xEuxB5O17 showed red emission peaking at 616 nm which was attributed to the D-5(0) F-7(2) electric dipole transition of Eu3+ ions. Meanwhile, the influences of different concentrations of Eu3+ ions on the PL intensity were also discussed. The optimum concentration of Eu3+ ions in the Ba2Y5-xEuxB5O17 phosphors was found to be x = 0.8. The concentration quenching mechanism was attributed to the dipole-dipole interaction and the critical distance (R-c) for energy transfer among Eu3+ ions was determined to be 5.64 angstrom. The asymmetry ratio [(D-5(0) F-7(2))/(D-5(0) F-7(1))] of Ba2Y4.2Eu0.8B5O17 phosphors was calculated to be 3.82. The fluorescence decay lifetimes were also determined for Ba2Y5-xEuxB5O17 phosphors. In addition, the CIE color coordinates of the Ba2Y4.2Eu0.8B5O17 phosphors (x = 0.653, y = 0.345) were found to be very close to the National Television System Committee (NTSC) standard values (x = 0.670, y = 0.330) of red emission and also showed high color purity (approximate to 94.3%). The corresponding internal quantum efficiency of the Ba2Y4.2Eu0.8B5O17 sample was measured to be 47.2%. Furthermore, the as-synthesized phosphors exhibited good thermal stability with an activation energy of 0.282 eV. The above results revealed that the red emitting Ba2Y4.2Eu0.8B5O17 phosphors could be potential candidates for application in near-UV excited white light emitting diodes.