Developments in oilfield scale handling towards green technology-A review

Oilfield scale is one of the major flow assurance problems in the oil field industry. Scaling is deposition of inorganic salts due to supersaturation of salts in water. Many researchers have proposed various methods to deal with this problem. Scale inhibitors are mainly used for the anti-scaling. The conventional scale inhibitor contains phosphorous and nitrogen based chemicals which are harmful to the environment & health. The new trends have been in the area of green chemicals. This paper reviews various scale types, their remediation methods, various scale inhibitors and their working mechanism, mathematical modeling for scale inhibitor performance. This paper also focuses on green inhibitors and their development.