Distribution system reconfiguration in presence of Internet of things

Network reconfiguration (NR) has undergone new changes to adapt to smart grid evolution. Internet of things (IoT) has found its way to smart grids especially in the distribution systems. Demand-side management can be more efficient in the presence of IoT. IoT-based energy management systems can have bidirectional communication with smart grids and decide according to their preferences, time-of-use (TOU) pricing, and their flexible devices. Therefore, customers would consume electricity more interactively. Consequently, the total load profile will be changed and a new NR approach must be adopted to meet load demands. So, the selection of critical switches must be modified to achieve the most effective network resource utilisation. For this purpose, a mixed-integer linear programming model for feeder reconfiguration is presented considering the customers' behaviours in the IoT environment. At first, the customer manner is investigated at different prices and preferences. Then the total load profile is calculated considering the normal distribution of uncertain customer preference factors. Finally, the identification of critical switches is obtained using the proposed method. The optimisation is done in YALMIP and MOSEK toolboxes. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed method to efficient utilisation of IoT potentials and renewable energy benefits.