Craniometric features of European hare (Lepus europaeus Pall.) from North-west Croatia and the island of Vir

The family of hares (Leporidae) expresses significant variation of morphological features under the influence of environment and diet. The aim of this research was the craniometric analysis of hares from two different habitat types, in order to confirm the presence of different ecotypes of this species in Croatia. The hares were sampled in the area of the island of Vir (Mediterranean habitat) and north-west Croatia (continental habitat). Craniometric measurements were conducted on 27 adult skulls, 12 female and 15 male skulls. 12 skulls originated from the island of Vir and 15 skulls were from north-west Croatia. 25 skull measurements were made, of which 6 were on the mandible for each skull. The results of the research showed significant variations in skull measurements between hares sampled on the island of Vir and in continental north-west Croatia. Of 19 cranium measurements, 10 measurements indicated statistical differences at P<0.01, 3 measurements indicated statistical differences at P<0.05, and of the 6 analysed mandible measurements, 5 indicated statistical differences at P<0.01. Cranium measurements that varied significantly were greater for hares from north-west Croatia by 5.11 to 12.84%, and mandible measurements also tended to be greater by 7.18 to 16.70%. Variations in craniometric measurements according to sex were not significant for both sites. The results indicate the presence of different ecotypes of European hare in Mediterranean and continental habitats.