Complex dynamics in a two-dimensional noninvertible map

A two-dimensional noninvertible map is investigated. The conditions of existence for pitchfork bifurcation, flip bifurcation and Naimark-Sacker bifurcation are derived by using center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Chaotic behavior in the sense of Marotto's definition of chaos is proven. And numerical simulations not only show the consistence with the theoretical analysis but also exhibit the complex dynamical behaviors, including period-34, period-5 orbits, quasi-period orbits, intermittency, boundary crisis as well as chaotic transient. The computation of Lyapunov exponents conforms the dynamical behaviors. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.