Cooperation in the Prisoner's Dilemma: an experimental comparison between pure and mixed strategies

被引:11
作者
Heuer, Leonie [1 ]
Orland, Andreas [2 ]
机构
[1] FU Berlin, Dept Econ, Garystr 21, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
[2] Univ Potsdam, Dept Econ, August Bebel Str 89, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany
来源
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE | 2019年 / 6卷 / 07期
关键词
cooperation; experiment; human behaviour; Prisoner's Dilemma; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SOCIAL DILEMMAS; BEHAVIOR; GAME; EXPECTATIONS; EQUILIBRIUM; COMPETITORS; ORIENTATION; SEQUENCES; ANATOMY;
D O I
10.1098/rsos.182142
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Cooperation is-despite not being predicted by game theory-a widely documented aspect of human behaviour in Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) situations. This article presents a comparison between subjects restricted to playing pure strategies and subjects allowed to play mixed strategies in a one-shot symmetric PD laboratory experiment. Subjects interact with 10 other subjects and take their decisions all at once. Because subjects in the mixed-strategy treatment group are allowed to condition their level of cooperation more precisely on their beliefs about their counterparts' level of cooperation, we predicted the cooperation rate in the mixed-strategy treatment group to be higher than in the pure-strategy control group. The results of our experiment reject our prediction: even after controlling for beliefs about the other subjects' level of cooperation, we find that cooperation in the mixed-strategy group is lower than in the pure-strategy group. We also find, however, that subjects in the mixed-strategy group condition their cooperative behaviour more closely on their beliefs than in the pure-strategy group. In the mixed-strategy group, most subjects choose intermediate levels of cooperation.
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页数:9
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