Optimization of quasi-symmetric stellarators with self-consistent bootstrap current and energetic particle confinement

被引:36
作者
Landreman, M. [1 ]
Buller, S. [1 ]
Drevlak, M. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[2] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany
关键词
NEOCLASSICAL CONDUCTIVITY; PARALLEL VISCOSITY; TRANSPORT; FORMULAS; REGIME; DESIGN;
D O I
10.1063/5.0098166
中图分类号
O35 [流体力学]; O53 [等离子体物理学];
学科分类号
070204 ; 080103 ; 080704 ;
摘要
Quasi-symmetry can greatly improve the confinement of energetic particles and thermal plasma in a stellarator. The magnetic field of a quasi-symmetric stellarator at high plasma pressure is significantly affected by the bootstrap current, but the computational cost of accurate stellarator bootstrap calculations has precluded use inside optimization. Here, a new efficient method is demonstrated for optimization of quasi-symmetric stellarator configurations such that the bootstrap current profile is consistent with the geometry. The approach is based on the fact that all neoclassical phenomena in quasi-symmetry are isomorphic to those in axisymmetry. Therefore, accurate formulas for the bootstrap current in tokamaks, which can be evaluated rapidly, can be applied also in stellarators. The deviation between this predicted parallel current and the actual parallel current in the magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium is penalized in the objective function, and the current profile of the equilibrium is included in the parameter space. Quasi-symmetric configurations with significant pressure are thereby obtained with self-consistent bootstrap current and excellent confinement. In a comparison of fusion-produced alpha particle confinement across many stellarators, the new configurations have significantly lower alpha energy losses than many previous designs.
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页数:16
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