Venous malformation of the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses

Objectives: The aim of this study was to present a rare case of a venous malformation that occupied the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. Prior to resection, it was believed to be a hemangioma. Methods: This study includes a case report and review of the literature. Conclusion: There is often confusion between "hemangiomas" and "vascular malformations," but they are important to differentiate because they have unique approaches to treatment. Venous malformations in the paranasal sinuses are very rare. To our knowledge, this is the first case report that explicitly describes a venous malformation in the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. It was treated using endoscopic sinus surgery with intraoperative computer-assisted stereotactic navigation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.